Understanding Osteoporosis

Your healthcare provider may make lifestyle recommendations to help prevent further bone loss if you have osteopenia or osteoporosis. (See "How can I take better care of my bones?")

Medicines that treat osteoporosis can also slow bone loss and help build new bone. This may increase bone mass.

Not all medications are alike. Some are taken by mouth. Some are injected. Some are inhaled in a nasal spray. Your healthcare provider will know which choice is best for you.

Here are some tips for keeping bones strong and healthy:

	Get enough calcium and vitamin D in your diet every day. Ask your healthcare provider how much you need.
	If you smoke, quit.
	If you drink alcohol, drink in moderation (1 drink per day for women; 2 drinks per day for men).
	Follow an exercise program that includes walking, jogging, or dancing. Muscle strengthening using free weights, weight machines or calisthenics is also helpful to keep bones healthy. Your healthcare provider can help plan a program that's right for you.
	Reduce your chance of falling by getting rid of trip hazards, such as throw rugs.

Your test results will help your healthcare provider decide if you need treatment. Your risk factors are also very important. A healthier lifestyle could reduce your risk factors and help slow bone loss.

Osteoporosis treatment can prevent serious problems. If it is not treated, osteoporosis may cause a bone to break or fracture. Bones in the wrist, spine, and hip break most often.

	Fractures in the spine may cause a person to lose height or look deformed. These fractures can also cause severe pain.
	A hip fracture is also a serious problem. The person often requires surgery to help with healing and will likely need to be hospitalized.